ESSAY - Directions
Historical Context: During Reconstruction the federal government attempted to rebuild and
bring the nation together through a series of programs, laws, amendments and
acts. The state and local
governments in the South created laws of their own. Often the goals of the federal and state governments did not
match.
To
insure the Southern states would participate in Reconstruction and not continue
their policies of racial inequality Republicans worked in Congress to develop
Civil rights Acts, the 13th, 14th and 15th
Amendments, and the Freedman’s Bureau.
The South opposed them legally and illegally by developing Black Codes,
voting rules(poll taxes, grandfather clause, literacy tests) Jim Crow laws, and
sharecropping that continued to segregate the races. These rules were sometimes upheld by the Supreme Court in
cases like Plessy v Ferguson (separate-but-equal). Some Southerners also participated in groups like the K.K.K.
and the White League that worked to keep the races separate.
In
1865 President Lincoln called on Americans to help put the country back
together “With malice(hatred)
toward none; with charity(help) for all; with firmness in doing right…let us
bind up the nations wounds and…bring lasting peace." By 1877 Reconstruction was over and the federal troops were
being pulled from the South. Where
Lincoln’s hopes in vain? This is a
question still debated by historians today?
TASK: Use textbook pages 190-198,
233-235 (and documents on 200-202)
as well as class notes and all documents used in class to answer the following
question.
-----How
successful was Reconstruction?
(1865-1877)--------
-Use specific
information from the textbook and your documents
-Compare and contrast
the actions of the federal and state governments
-How were Freedmen’s
lives helped or hurt during this period?
This is only a sample outline!
Fill in Document #s and Text pages to help you stay on task!
Paragraph#1 |
Hook:possible hooks(Line from Lincoln"With Malice..."
,13th Amendment, Line from Judge Harlans Dissent" In view of the Constitution...", etc.)
Historical Context: 1-Define Reconstruction
2-give background information (see textbook and historical context indirections)
Thesis: Example (Although African Americans and the country experienced many positive changes between 1865 and 1877 the evidence shows that Reconstruction was a failure in the end.)
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Paragraph#2
DBQ 1:
DBQ 2:
Textbook pages:
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Successes Topic
Sentence: Example (Federal Reconstruction brought many succeses and changes.)
Proof:Radical Republicans Plans and Civil Rights Acts
Proof:13, 14, 15 Amendments
Proof:Freedman's Bureau
Proof:New members of Legislature and Congress
Proof: Schools, Churches, etc.
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Paragraph#3
DBQ 1:
DBQ 2:
Textbook pages:
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Failures Topic
Sentence: Example (The Southern states and groups of people worked against the succeses of Reconstruction)
Proof:KKK (actions to go against changes and Amendments)
Proof:Black Codes(State government against Amendments)
Proof:Voting Restrictions(State governments against Amendments)
Proof:
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Paragraph#4
DBQ 1:
DBQ 2:
Textbook pages:
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Decision Topic
Sentence:Example "As we look back at Reconstruction we see that it proved to be a failure."
Proof:Compromise of 1877
Proof:Share cropping
Proof:
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Paragraph#5
DBQ 1:
DBQ 2:
Textbook pages:
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Restate Thesis
Restate Proofs
Your opinion based
on proofs
Wrap up - Quote from Susie Taylor King
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