Below is some additional study material.
1) Europeans used their superior technology and military to divide China into___________ of influence.
2) A strong power controlling and/or colonizing a weaker power. __________________
3) A poem by Kipling that expressed the idea that western powers should civilize and educate the world.
4) The pseudo-scientific belief that stronger nations should dominate or use the weaker nations.
5) Europeans called Africa the _____________________ because it was so mysterious and difficult to explore.
6) The ___________________ in India and Boxer Rebellion in China were attempts to end foreign influence.
7) The ____________________ system of government is used in India today as a remnant of British imperialism.
8) The _________War in 1839-1842 resulted in growing western influence and trade in China.
9) The infamous businessman who called European imperialism in Africa "glorious"
10) This famous commodore sailed into Tokyo harbor in 1853 with the "Black Fleet" opening trade
11) Factories need these to continue production.
In the search for resources there was a ___________________ for Africa by European powers.
12) A period of economic growth in Japan after the emperor seized power was the _________restoration.
13) After the defeat of the Shogun Japan united and ________________ quickly.
14) The ________________ Shogunate attempted to limit foreign influence in Japan.
15) The belief that your culture is superior to all others and that all others must be judged from your standard.
16) Being an archipelago Japan was naturally ________________ from the Asian continent.
17) The location of the 1884 conference that decided the partitioning of Africa.
18) Two or more nations joining together for mutual support and protection.
19) The English company that controlled much of India until 1858.
20) The Enfield rifle _________________ was rumored to have been covered in pig and cow fat.
21) The missionary NY Herald reporter Stanley discovered on his journey across Africa.
22) Name of the empire that controlled much of India when the British arrived.
23) During the Tiaping Rebellion a man named Hong claimed to be the brother of _______________.
24) The nation that copied the ways of the west by industrializing and becoming an imperial power.
25) The famous philosopher who believed in a strict yet responsible and respectful social hierarchy.
26) Wrote that the workers should own the means of production.
27) The sun never sets on the ______________ empire.
28) Universal suffrage gives everyone the right to _______________.
| CAUSES | EFFECTS |
| §Industrial Revolution creates need for more raw materials and new markets § ______________________ - pride in one’s country o Desire to become a leading world power §Spread western civilization/culture o _________________________ - White imperialists have a moral duty to educate less developed people o Social Darwinism - _____________________ ________________________________________ o Christian missionaries § Superior technology | § Positives: New roads, railroads, telegraph and postal lines, new systems of governance, and education § Negatives: Natural resources go to Europe; famine due to cash crop farming; top jobs go to Europeans; natives treated as inferior; imposition of Western culture |
| CASE STUDIES | |
| India | · British East India Company · Sepoy Mutiny - ________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ · ________________________ - term used to describe British rule over India from 1757 to 1947. |
| Africa | · “Scramble for Africa” - __________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________ · __________________________________ - meeting that divided up Africa among industrialized nations; disregarded the diversity of the African people |
| China | · _________________________ - belief in the superiority of one’s own ethnic group · Opium War - _______________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________ · __________________________________ - the secret society the Righteous and Harmonious Fists (known as the Boxers) try to rid China of all foreign influence and attack Christian missionaries and Chinese Christians |
| Japan | ·Meiji Restoration - ___________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________________________ o Treaty of Kanagawa o Tokugawa Shogunate overthrown |
| VOCABULARY | |
| Imperialism | |
| Colony | Land controlled by another nation. |
| Sphere of Influence | A foreign region in which a nation has control over trade and other economic activities. |
| Raw Material | |
| Market | |
| Old Imperialism | |
| New Imperialism | |
| Nationalism | |
| “White Man’s Burden” | |
| Social Darwinism | |
| Mughal Dynasty | |
| British East India Company | |
| Sepoy | |
| Sepoy Mutiny | |
| Enfield Rifle | |
| “Jewel in the Crown” | |
| Raj | |
| Viceroy | A royal official who runs a country or colony as a representative of the monarch. |
| “Dark Continent” | |
| Scramble for Africa | |
| Cecil Rhodes * | Businessman and supporter of British expansion; wanted to build a telegraph line in Africa connecting Cape Town to Cairo. |
| Ethnocentrism | |
| Manchu (Qing) Dynasty | |
| Opium Wars | |
| Treaty of Nanjing | |
| Extraterritoriality | An exemption of foreign residents from the laws of a country. |
| Open Door Policy | |
| Taiping Rebellion | |
| Boxer Rebellion | |
| Tokugawa Shogunate | |
| Isolationism | |
| Treaty of Kanagawa | |
| Meiji Restoration | |
| Sino-Japanese War | |
| Russo-Japanese War | |
Practice Questions
1. After 1880, European nations sought colonies in Africa primarily because the Europeans were
a. In need of land for their surplus populations
b. Competing of raw materials and markets
c. Determined to bring Christianity to the Muslim world
d. Interested in completing their geographic knowledge of the world
2. The 19th century term “White Man’s Burden” reflects the idea that
a. Asians and Africans were equal to Europeans
b. Asians and Africans would be grateful for European help
c. Imperialism was opposed by most Europeans
d. Europeans had a responsibility to improve the lives of the colonial peoples
3. The Sepoy Mutiny in India and the Boxer Rebellion in China were similar in that they
a. Restored power to the hereditary monarchies
b. Attempted to reject the traditional cultures in these countries
c. Resisted foreign influence in these countries
d. Reestablished the power of religious leaders
4. The Boxer Rebellion of the early 20th century was an attempt to
a. Eliminate poverty among the Chinese peasants
b. Bring western-style democracy to China
c. Restore trade between China and European nations
d. Remove foreign influences from China
“Yesterday, your ambassador petitioned my ministers regarding your trade with China…our Celestial Empire possesses all things in great abundance and lacks no product within its own borders. There is, therefore, no need to import any product manufactured by outside barbarians in exchange for our own goods.”
-Emperor Ch’ien Lung of China to King George III of Britain, 1793
5. In the view of the Emperor, which foreign policy action was in the best interest of China in 1793?
a. Maintaining economic isolation
b. Expanding foreign trade
c. Increasing international interdependence
d. Developing into a colonial power
6. In the past, European nations have conquered other lands, made them into colonies, and controlled their economies.
Which term refers to the situation described in this statement?
a. Socialism
b. Isolationism
c. Imperialism
d. Monotheism
7. During the 1840’s, China signed “unequal treaties” with Western nations mainly because
a. China had won the Opium War
b. Western nations had superior military technology
c. Leaders in China favored expansion
d. China had requested economic assistance from the West
8. Throughout the 1800s, an increased need for both raw materials and new markets for manufactured goods led various European nations to pursue policies of
a. Imperialism
b. Socialism
c. Isolationism
d. Communism
9. During the 18th and 19th centuries, increased contact between Europe and the continents of Africa, Asia, and South America resulted in
a. Closer cultural cooperation between Europe and these continents
b. The exploitation of the labor and resources of these continents
c. A return to the political and economic systems of feudal Europe
d. Preservation of the rights of the indigenous peoples
Take up the White Man’s burden—
Send forth the best ye breed
Go bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives’ need;
To wait, in heavy harness,
On fluttered folk and wild—
Your new-caught, sullen peoples,
Half-devil and half-child.
Send forth the best ye breed
Go bind your sons to exile
To serve your captives’ need;
To wait, in heavy harness,
On fluttered folk and wild—
Your new-caught, sullen peoples,
Half-devil and half-child.
--Rudyard Kipling, “The White Man’s Burden”
10. The phrase “White Man’s burden” in this excerpt refers to the
a. Negative attitude of Europeans towards peoples of the non-Western world
b. Advantages Europeans would gain by colonizing Africa, Asia, and Latin America
c. Positive role of the Roman Catholic Church in Africa and Asia
d. Challenges non-Europeans faced when trading with the Europeans
11. During the 18th and 19th centuries, Europeans improved roads and bridges and built railroads in their colonies primarily to
a. Provide jobs for the colonists
b. Obtain raw materials needed for industrialization
c. Impress the colonists with their technological knowledge
d. Help missionaries spread Christianity
12. In 19th century China, the Opium War resulted in
a. The control of Hong Kong being returned to China
b. The removal of all British naval forces from China
c. An increase in European spheres of influence in China
d. The rejection of Buddhism by the Chinese people
13. The borders that were established for many African nations during the late 1800’s were based primarily on
a. Natural geographic barriers
b. Easy access to natural resources
c. Territorial claims of colonial rulers
d. Cultural differences between ethnic groups
14. Which statement best expresses the motive for 19th century European imperialism?
a. Living space was needed for the excess population in western Europe
b. European leaders believed imperialism was an effective method of reducing the number of wars
c. European nations would benefit from some aspects of the conquered nation’s culture
d. Imperialism would benefit the economies of the colonial powers
15. Before Commodore Matthew Perry’s expedition to Japan in 1853, Japan was most influenced by
a. Russia’s need for warm water ports
b. The introduction of advanced technology from the United States
c. France’s quest for new colonies
d. China’s religion, art, and writing
16. In Japan, the Meiji Restoration resulted in the
a. Division of the nation between the European powers
b. Modernization of the nation’s industry
c. Abolition of the position of emperor
d. Government being controlled by the samurai
17. What is one reason for Japan’s involvement in the first Sino-Japanese War and the annexation of Korea?
a. Pursuit of imperialistic goals
b. Reaction to foreign invasions
c. Institution of five-year plans
d. Need for a warm-water port
18. Japan’s policy of expansion in the early 20th century was motivated by
a. A lack of natural resources
b. A plan to end unequal treaties
c. The need to increase cultural diffusion
d. The desire to spread communism
19. Which of these developments in Africa was a cause of the other three?
a. Rival tribal groups fought wars
b. The Berlin Conference of 1884 influenced colonial boundaries
c. Traditional territories and culture groups were permanently fragmented
d. African economies became dependent on the sale of cash crops and raw materials
20. The Sepoy Rebellion is considered an important event in Indian history because it was one cause of the
a. Independence movement in India
b. Secession of Bangladesh from Pakistan
c. Establishment of French colonies in India
d. Creation of the Mughal Empire by Muslims
21. The Opium Wars of the mid-19th century marked the beginning of the
a. Rivalry between China and Taiwan
b. Domination of China by foreign powers
c. Decline of European influence in East Asia
d. Global effort to combat drug use
22. What was a principal reason for the success of European colonialism in Asia in the late 1800s?
a. Asians respected Europeans as representatives of an advanced civilization
b. Europe was able to dominate military and commercial relations with Asia
c. Europeans respected Asian laws and customs
d. Many Asians adopted European religious practices
23. During the 19th century, European nations established spheres of influence in China mainly to
a. Profit from the ivory trade
b. Introduce Islam to the Chinese people
c. Gain commercial advantages in China
d. Obtain human rights for Chinese citizens
24. During the late 19th century, which geographic factor helped attract European investors to southern Africa and southeast Asia?
a. Smooth coastlines
b. Navigable rivers
c. Natural resources
d. Temperate climates
25. The theory of Social Darwinism was sometimes used to justify
a. The establishment of communist governments in Asia
b. Latin American revolutions in the early 19th century
c. The independence movement in India
d. European imperialism in the late 19th century
26. Japan’s increased foreign trade during the Meiji Restoration was closely related to its
a. Need to maintain a traditional society
b. Desire for a modern industrialized society
c. Colonization by Western nations
d. Encouragement of foreign investment
27. The Meiji Restoration in Japan was prompted in part by
a. A fear that Japan would be colonized by western nations
b. The failure of Japanese expansion
c. The Shogun’s conversion to Christianity
d. A desire to stay isolated
No comments:
Post a Comment
Note: Only a member of this blog may post a comment.